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dc.contributor.authorRönnholm, Petra
dc.date.accessioned2011-11-28T15:00:20Z
dc.date.available2011-11-28T15:00:20Z
dc.date.issued2011-11-28
dc.identifier.isbn978-91-7000-150-5
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2077/27875
dc.description.abstractEnantiospecific synthesis reactions are of intense interest, owing to the increasing request for enantiopure compounds in both research and industry. Lithium amides containing a secondary chelating group are a class of powerful ligands for asymmetric addition reactions. Based on earlier experiences with lithium N,O and N,S amides, synthesis and properties of chiral lithium N,P amides and their use in asymmetric addition are investigated in the present thesis. Several chiral amines were synthesized with previously published methods, which were improved in different ways. A new synthetic route towards chiral aminophosphines via cyclic sulfamidates has been developed. The use of silica in the synthesis of sulfamidate and the chiral aminophosphine shortened the reaction time considerably, compared to previous methods. The reactions are fast, clean and highyielding. Furthermore, the synthesis could successfully be scaled up with no loss in yield or purity and gives a general and simple route to a wide variety of chiral N,P-ligands from cheap and readily available amino acids. Solution studies using low temperature 6Li-NMR showed that the chiral lithium N,Pamides form various types of dimers depending on solvent and substituents in the amino acid backbone. The Li-P interactions in these complexes proved much stronger than expected, as indicated by the 6Li-31P coupling constant. A stability study on the aminophosphines with 31P-NMR proved they are relatively air stable. The newly synthesized lithium N,P amides were used as ligands in the asymmetric 1,2-addition of n-BuLi to benzaldehyde. The chiral N,P-ligands were found to induce asymmetry to similar or better extent, compared to previously reported chiral N,Oand N,S-ligands. Enantiomeric ratios up to 98:1 were obtained at –116 °C. The experiments were complemented by quantum-chemical calculations employing Density-Functional Theory and Molecular Mechanics (MM), in order to rationalize the experimental findings. For the MM calculations, a tailored force field was developed to allow a proper description of the Li-N interaction. Both the aggregation and solvation of the ligand and the reaction mechanism were investigated. The predicted solvation and aggregation states as well as the enantioselectivities were in good accordance with experiment, provided that dispersion interaction was taken into account in a proper way. It was found that Li-π and π-α-H interactions and solvation within the complexes are the major contributions to the energy differences between the more stable (R)-transition state compared to its corresponding (S)-transition state.sv
dc.language.isoengsv
dc.relation.haspartPetra Rönnholm, Mikael Södergren, Göran Hilmersson, Improved and Efficient Synthesis of Chiral N,P-Ligands via Cyclic Sulfamidates for Asymmetric Addition of Butyllithium to Benzaldehyde, Organic Letter, 2007, 9 (19), pp 3781–3783.::doi:: 10.1021/ol701504csv
dc.relation.haspartPetra Rönnholm, Göran Hilmersson, NMR studies of chiral lithium amides with phosphine chelating groups reveal strong Li-P-interactions in ethereal solvents. 2011, Arkivoc, WB-5911EP. 200-210.sv
dc.relation.haspartPetra Rönnholm, Sten O. Nilsson Lill, Jürgen Gräfenstein, Per-Ola Norrby, Mariell Pettersson, Göran Hilmersson, Aggregation and Solvation of Chiral N,P-amide Ligands in Coordinating Solvents - A Computational and NMR Study, 2011. Submitted to European Journal of Organic Chemistry.sv
dc.relation.haspartPetra Rönnholm, Jürgen Gräfenstein, Per-Ola Norrby, Göran Hilmersson, Sten O. Nilsson Lill. A Computational Study of the Enantioselective Addition of n-BuLi to Benzaldehyde in the Presence of a Chiral Lithium N,P-Amide, 2011. Submitted to Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry.sv
dc.relation.haspartPetra Rönnholm, Sten O. Nilsson Lill, Tailored force field for lithium amides, 2011. Unpublished manuscript.sv
dc.subject6Li NMRsv
dc.subjectAsymmetric synthesissv
dc.subjectN,P-ligandssv
dc.subjectDFTsv
dc.subjectMolecular mechanicssv
dc.titleChiral Lithium N,P-amide Complexes. Synthesis, Applications and Structural Studies by NMR and DFT.sv
dc.typeText
dc.type.svepDoctoral thesis
dc.gup.mailpir@chem.gu.sesv
dc.type.degreeDoctor of Philosophysv
dc.gup.originUniversity of Gothenburg. Faculty of Sciencesv
dc.gup.defenceplaceOnsdagen den 21 december 2011, kl 9.00, Hörsal KE, Institutionen för kemi, Kemigården 4, Kemigården 4, Göteborgs Universitet och Chalmers Tekniska Högskola, Göteborgsv
dc.gup.defencedate2011-12-21
dc.gup.dissdb-fakultetMNF


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