Patient characteristics, occasion of injury, choice of treatment and outcome after treatment in a cohort with bony Bankart injuries in the shoulder
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Background: A bony Bankart injury is a fracture in the shoulder joint on the anterior inferior part of the glenoid, together with a lesion of the glenoid labrum. The injury usually occurs after a traumatic dislocation of the shoulder joint and results in a significant increase in risk of recurrent shoulder instability. The injury is treated either through surgery, open or arthroscopically, or non-surgically through physiotherapy. Although there are some recommendations on how and when to treat bony Bankart injuries, much is still unknown about these injuries. Both regarding treatment strategy and outcome but also regarding which patients that suffer the injury and under which circumstances. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe patient characteristics, injury characteristics, choice of treatment and outcome after treatment for patients suffering a bony Bankart injury. Method: 155 patients, with a radiologically confirmed bony Bankart injury between April 1 2012 and April 1 2019, were subject to a qualitative analysis of their medical records. Data regarding patient characteristics, injury characteristics, choice of treatment and outcome after treatment was collected. Descriptive statistics was performed. Results: 60.6% of the patients were men. The mean age at injury was 51.7 years. A bony Bankart injury was most common during winter (33.3%) and the most common mechanism of trauma was a simple fall (39.6%) from standing height. 31.8% of the injuries were sports related. 55.9% of the patients were treated surgically, 70% of these with open surgery and 30% with arthroscopic surgery. Men (64.7%) were operated to a higher extent than women (43.1%). The mean time ± SD time from injury to surgery for was 15.2 ± 11.5 days. Only 5.2% of surgically treated patients showed signs of instability after surgery. 5.6% of the patients treated with open surgery and 4.3% of the patients treated with arthroscopic surgery experienced instability post-surgery. No patient, regardless of surgical method, was classified as higher than a grade II in the Clavien-Dindo classification of Surgical Complications. Conclusions: The most common patient in this study was a middle-aged man who sustained a bony Bankart injury through a simple fall during the winter and was successfully treated with open surgery. The study provided much needed data on bony Bankart injuries for future research to be built on.