Patient-reported outcomes before and after total hip replacement: Are we getting better?
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Abstract Total hip replacement (THR) is an effective treatment for severe degenerative hip joint disorders. During the last decades, THR-care processes have changed to optimize resource use. However, it has not been investigated if these changes may have had an impact on the patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Preoperative and one-year postoperative data collected through the routine follow-up program of the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register between 2008 and 2015 were used for the analyses. The PROMs questionnaire comprises the EQ-5D, a visual analogue scale (VAS) on hip pain, and at follow-ups a VAS addressing satisfaction with the outcome of the THR. ANOVA trend analyses, multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the influence of year of surgery. There were positive trends for all PROMs; improvement in hip pain VAS, and EQ-5D index, and satisfaction VAS. The estimated effect of years of surgery (2014-2015) was -1 unit (95% CI -1.4 - -0.7, p≤0.001) for hip pain, 0.01 (95% CI 0.004 – 0.013, p≤0.001) for EQ-5D index, and -1.7 (95% CI -2.1 - -1.3, p≤0.001) for satisfaction with years 2008-2009 set as reference. The odds ratio for improving in at least one EQ-5D dimension (without deteriorating in any 2 other dimension) was higher during 2014-2015 compared to 2008-2009 (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02-1.13). The corresponding odds ratios for improvement in the pain dimension was 1.08 (95% CI 1.03 – 1.13, p=0.001). The odds ratio to worsen in self-care was 0.79 (95% CI 0.71 – 0.89, p≤0,001) and the odds ratio to worsen in usual activities was 0.85 (95% CI 0.78 – 0.93, p≤0.001). The studied material found significant improvements to PROMs following THR in Sweden. This suggests that the last decade’s changes in THR-care have been of value to patients.