Competence Dynamics in the Age of AI - A qualitative study examining how generative AI alters the relevance and need of competences among high-skilled workers

Abstract

The rapid pace at which generative AI is becoming incorporated into various professional fields is altering the required competences of high-skilled workers. As this technology is becoming more established, there is a simultaneous evolution of the necessary competences which accentuates the significance of further developing functional, cognitive, and social competences. The aim of this qualitative study is to explore the impact of generative AI on both the relevance and need of these competences among high-skilled workers across different sectors. A systematic literature review was conducted to create a competence framework for high-skilled workers based on the existing literature. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with high-skilled workers that have experience working with generative AI to clarify the effects of the technology on the competence needs. Several areas emerged where the integration of AI directly or indirectly influenced their role or what the professional perceived to be necessary competences needed for their position. The findings suggest that while generative AI enhances efficiency and productivity for routine and simple tasks, it also necessitates a need for further development of high level social and cognitive competences, such as critical thinking, problem solving, and emotional intelligence. Moreover, the findings also underscore the dynamic symbiosis of functional technical competences and generative AI, highlighting the need for continuous development of these competences. This thesis contributes to the discourse of the interplay between high-skilled workers and generative AI by providing a framework of competences for professionals and organizations trying to navigate this emerging technological development. The results provide insight and implications for the development of the workforce, organizational strategy formulation, and future educational planning, which will be valuable for high-skilled individuals navigating and staying competitive in a future where AI will increasingly influence professional roles and required competences.