Selection of treatment modalities and significance of oestrogen receptor status on the benefit of radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery for breast cancer
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Introduction: Radiotherapy (RT) reduces the risk of breast cancer recurrence after breast conserving surgery (BCS). Radiosensitivity may be influenced by tumour oestrogen receptor (ER) status. However, most patients do not develop recurrences even without adjuvant treatment. Aims: This thesis aimed to describe the effect of RT on recurrence, and determine if ER status influenced this effect. A further aim was to identify patients with a sufficiently low recurrence risk without RT, and without endocrine therapy, that omission of this treatment may be considered. Methods: 530 breast cancer patients treated with BCS were included in this retrospective study. Medical records were reviewed. Primary outcome was locoregional recurrence (LRR), secondary outcomes were distant recurrence, any recurrence and death. Cox regression was used to obtain hazard ratios. A LRR rate <10% in 10 years was considered a low risk. Results: RT reduced the 10-year risk of LRR by 73%, any recurrence by 62%, and the 15- year risk of death by 48%. ER status did not influence the RT effect on LRR (pinteraction= 0.287). One small group was identified where none had a LRR without RT, and two groups with LRR rates of 7.4% and 8.3% without endocrine treatment. Conclusion: RT reduced the risk of recurrence substantially. Overall survival improved, although this should be interpreted with care due to confounding factors. ER status did not predict RT effect. Two groups were identified where omission of endocrine treatment might be considered, but regarding RT the number of patients was too low to draw any conclusions.