Kan medelhavskost förbättra graden av depression hos deprimerade vuxna? - En systematisk översiktsartikel

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Syfte: Syftet med denna systematiska översikt är att undersöka om medelhavskost (MD) påverkar graden av depression hos vuxna personer med depression. Metod: Litteratursökningen genomfördes i databaserna PubMed och Scopus i januari 2023 efter randomiserade kontrollerade studier (RCT). Sökningen utgick från tre block, där ett block innefattade depression, det andra blocket innefattade MD och det tredje blocket var RCT. Inkluderad population var vuxna (18–65 år gamla) män och kvinnor med kliniskt diagnostiserad depression eller självrapporterad depression de senaste två månaderna eller längre. Utfallsmåttet var grad av depression mätt med hjälp av validerade mätinstrument. Interventions- och kontrollgruppen var MD respektive habituell kost. Andra studietyper än RCT exkluderades. RCT skrivna på andra språk än svenska och engelska, inte hade grad av depression som ett primärt utfall exkluderades också. De inkluderade studierna granskades utifrån sin risk av bias med hjälp av SBU:s granskningsmall “Bedömning av randomiserade studier” samt evidensgranskades enligt Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) för studiernas sammantagna resultat. Resultat: Sökningen resulterade i 150 unika artiklar. Av dessa 150 granskades 12 artiklar i fulltext, varav två artiklar inkluderades i denna systematiska översiktsartikel. Totalt ingick 249 deltagare. De inkluderade studierna visade en signifikant förbättring av grad av depression hos studiedeltagarna. Trots detta, bedömdes det sammantagna resultatet av de inkluderade artiklarna vara av låg tillförlitlighet. Slutsats: MD bidrar med en signifikant förbättring på grad av depression hos vuxna med depression enligt de inkluderade studierna i denna systematiska översiktsartikel. Dock är det sammantagna resultaten av de inkluderade studierna av låg tillförlitlighet (++, låg tillförlitlighet).

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Aim: The aim of this systematic review article is to investigate if Mediterranean diet (MD) affects the degree of depression in adults with depression. Methods: The literary search was conducted in the databases PubMed and Scopus in January 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCT). The search was based on three blocks, where one block included depression, the second block included mediterranean diet and the third block included RCT. Included population was adults (18-65 years old) men and women with clinically diagnosed depression or self-reported depression under the last two months or longer. The outcome measure was the degree of depression measured by a validated measuring tool. The intervention and control group were MD and habitual diet. Other study types than RCT were excluded. RCT written in languages other than Swedish and English, which did not have a degree of depression as a primary outcome were also excluded. Risk of bias for the included articles were examined according to the template from SBU “Bedömning av randomiserade studier” and the reliability was assessed according to Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE). Results: The literary search resulted in 150 unique articles. Of these 150 articles twelve were read in full text, of which two were included in this systematic review. In total there were 249 study participants in the included articles. The included articles showed a significant improvement in degree of depression in the study participants. Despite this, the overall result of the included articles was judged to be of low reliability. Conclusion: MD contributes with a significant improvement of the degree of depression amongst adults with depression. However, the overall results of the included studies are of low reliability (++, low reliability).

Keywords

Mediterranean diet, depressed adults, degree of depression, Medelhavskost, deprimerade vuxna, grad av depression, depression

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