Att upprätthålla självbestämmande i palliativt skede på särskilt boende - en modell för att främja personcentrerad vård för äldre

Abstract

The overall aim of the thesis was to develop a model that facilitates self-determination in the palliative phase in residential care. The three first studies constituted the ground for the model, which was developed in the fourth study. Study I. Persons residing in residential care were interviewed about self-determination in this hermeneutic study. The findings show that the residents are forced to adapt to new circumstances and that they are trying to navigate this forced situation. This is interpreted as a struggle for a dignified life. Study II. Quality of care and self-determination were evaluated and compared between residents and their family members. The findings show a high consistency in their experiences and an extensive need for improvements, especially in the psychosocial aspects of care. Study III. The findings in this interview study with staff, analysed using qualitative content analysis, revealed that the residents’ self-determination is connected to the maintenance of their self, and that their own abilities and others’ efforts strengthen their self-determination while their vulnerability and others’ dominance undermine it. Study IV. A model to facilitate self-determination was developed through participatory research involving different stakeholders. The core message, ‘in my way, at my pace, with the help of you’, emphasises the right to self-determination and the need for assistance to make it possible. The core message is supported by seven categories with strategies to facilitate self-determination. The conclusion of this thesis is that age and illness make residents dependent and reduce their self-determination. This threatens their dignity of identity. The model presents a person-centred approach that facilitates self-determination despite the many obstacles described in the studies.