BALANSGÅNGEN MELLAN INTEGRATION OCH SUVERÄNITET I EU:S ENERGIPOLITIK

Abstract

The energy sector has become a central focus of EU policy, with energy security and efficiency being key issues for both the union and its member states, especially after the energy crisis that took place during 2022. As a result, the EU has prioritized integrating the internal energy market and strengthening cooperation among the member states to reduce dependence on third countries. While member states are eager to enhance cooperation, they are reluctant to delegate competences to supranational institutions. The aim of this thesis is to examine the balancing act between supranationalism and respect for national sovereignty. Using a qualitative text analysis, the study focuses on how the EU institutions govern integration within the energy union. The following research questions are addressed: How is the integration of EU’s energy policy govern? In what ways does supranationalism manifest itself in EU energy policy and integration efforts? The findings reveal that the European commission plays a significant role in promoting integration through soft law, while member states retain control over their national energy policy. Integration primarily occurs through intergovernmental activities and agreements, with the Commission creating conditions for a more interconnected energy system. The thesis concludes that EU energy policy is best understood through a new intergovernmentalism perspective, where member states cooperate, and where the European commission plays the role as a facilitator of integration.