MOTIVERANDE SAMTAL I VÅRDEN AV PATIENTER MED OBESITAS OCH ÖVERVIKT I SYFTE ATT STÖDJA VIKTNEDGÅGN - EN LITTERATURSTUDIE

Abstract

Background: Obesity has expanded to a nationwide issue that affects millions of people. The healthcare system struggles to handle the epidemic as the problem grows. Studies show that healthcare workers have negative attitudes toward obese and overweight people and that they lack knowledge and proper tools to support this patient group. Motivational interviewing (MI) is a known technique for initiating lifestyle changes with patients. Aim: The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of MI as a tool for weight loss and sustainable lifestyle changes for people with obesity and overweight. Method: This study uses a literature review methodology with a systematic perspective. Data is gathered and analyzed to investigate how MI affects weight loss. Thematic synthesis is used to form themes surrounding the results. The studies included in the review are randomized controlled trials with adult populations that suffer from obesity or overweight. Results: Our findings indicate that MI affects weight loss outcomes compared to standard interventions if done with high intensity and for prolonged periods of time. Four themes based on the results are formed to better understand the potential implications of the outcomes. The study also highlights the importance of person-centered care and how it can support and motivate this patient group to achieve their weight management goals. Conclusion: MI is shown to potentially have benefits for weight loss in this patient group. However, further research on how to optimize MI intensity and intervention period for the purpose of weight loss and weight management is needed. As well as to gather more knowledge on the long-term effects of MI as a weight loss tool and its impact on the obesity epidemic.