Descriptive cohort study of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy enrolled to SU-Sahlgrenska from June 2018 to June 2020 within the framework of Sahlgrenska Cardiomyopathy Project (SCMPC)
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Introduction and Aims: Cardiomyopathies (CMP) is a heterogeneous group of disorders associated with different types of myocardial dysfunction or ventricular arrhythmia, which may lead to premature death. In early stages, CMP may be asymptomatic or present with few symptoms which most often explains the difficulty of early diagnosis. As the CMP disease progresses, heart contractility gets affected and most often leads to heart failure (HF) or arrhythmias. The purpose of the study was to describe baseline characteristics, initial symptoms and medical treatment in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Method: This is a retrospective descriptive cohort study with a total of 89 patients with a DCM diagnosis within the Sahlgrenska cardiomyopathy project (SCMPC). The patients were enrolled between June 2018 and June 2020. Data from medical records were collected and analyzed. Variables obtained were baseline characteristics (age, sex, BMI), age at onset and type of earliest symptoms, New York heart association (NYHA) class, and treatment. Results: Mean age at symptom debut was 45.7 (15.2 SD). Men were overrepresented with 75.2% of the patients. DCM patients had a BMI of 26.2 (5 SD) which is classified as overweight. Amongst DCM patients, 43.5% presented with NYHA class 3, followed by NYHA class2 (26%), NYHA class 1 (16%), and NYHA class 4 14%. Dyspnea was the most common initial symptom (67.4%) followed by fatigue (55.1%). Beta blockers were the most frequently used medical therapy (93.3%), followed by ACE-inhibitors (79.8%), spironolactone (66.3%) and loop diuretics (57.3%). Conclusion: Dyspnoea was the most common symptom at disease presentation. Men in their forties with overweight were over represented in DCM patients, which should raise awareness of DCM as a differential diagnosis even in relatively young men with dyspnoea.