Prehospital Triage Systems in Mass Casualty Incidents: Could the Most Commonly Used Systems be Translated to One?
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Abstract
The field of prehospital triage in mass casualty incidents (MCI) lacks a global consensus regarding what specific triage system to implement. The heterogenicity in available systems poses a threat to the efficiency of the triage process and thus risks an increased mortality of casualties in large-scale rescue operations in a world where both natural and man-made catastrophes are occurring daily. This thesis paper aims to combine a number of pre-existing triage systems made for prehospital context with the intent of producing a global system. A novel methodology was investigated: 1) a systematic literature overview, 2) a nonsystematic literature search, 3) reading of included articles, 4) content analysis focusing on similarities and differences between systems, 5) presentation of results as a tentative system. 31/797 articles were deemed applicable to the project design. In these articles, 17 systems were identified whereof seven were selected for further analysis. The criteria from the final seven systems were compiled, translated and counted for in means of 1/7’s. As an endproduct of the novel methodology, a system was created of the majority criteria (defined as occurring in ≥4/7 systems). This thesis paper concludes that the studied method of selecting systems, rephrasing criteria, quantifying them and putting together a new system from the majority criteria of included systems is a reasonable approach to the described problem. The final product of this process could be tested out in simulations and compared to present triage systems in terms of speed, sensitivity and specificity. Deeper studies of current knowledge and evidence-based research of each of the criteria and proposed lifesaving interventions is needed together with input from experts in the field.