Minimally invasive (VATS) versus open surgery thymectomies on patients with myasthenia gravis and/or thymoma
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Minimally invasive (VATS) versus open surgery thymectomies on patients with myasthenia gravis and/or thymoma Introduction: Thymectomy by VATS (video assisted thoracoscopic surgery) for thymoma and myasthenia gravis is increasingly replacing open surgical techniques. While many studies have shown VATS’ superiority in perioperative outcomes after lung surgery, such as less postoperative pain and shorter recovery, there is still little data on VATS thymectomy compared to open thymectomy. Aim: This study aimed to compare perioperative and long-term outcomes of VATS thymectomy compared to open surgery thymectomies in patients with myasthenia gravis and/or thymoma. Method: A retrospective observational study was performed, with data from all thymectomies performed at Sahlgrenska University Hospital from 2008 to 2021 (n = 152). Data was obtained from the patients’ records. Endpoints were perioperative variables, incidence of early complications, and long-term outcome. In the myasthenia gravis subgroup, follow-up variables included postoperative use of pharmacological treatment, prevalence of symptoms, and need for myasthenia gravis-related hospitalisation. In the thymoma subgroup, follow-up variables included completeness of resection, tumour staging and tumour recurrence. Median follow-up was 5.0 years (range 0.3-5.0) in the myasthenia gravis subgroup and 3.0 years (range 0.2-10.4) in the thymoma subgroup. Results: The VATS group had significantly shorter chest drainage times (0 (0-1) vs 1 (1-1), p < 0.001) and shorter length of hospital stay (2 (1-3) vs 3 (3-5), p < 0.001) than the open Degree project, Programme in Medicine Anna Åkerström University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska academy Göteborg, 2021-05-24 surgery group. In the myasthenia gravis subgroup, there was no statistically significant difference in postoperative symptoms, use of immunomodulating treatment, need for hospitalisation or aggressive immunosuppression. In the thymoma subgroup, there was no statistically significant difference in microscopically complete resection or tumour recurrence. Conclusion: VATS was associated with shorter duration of chest drainage and shorter length of hospital stay compared to open surgery. The results suggest that VATS is non-inferior to open surgery with respect to long-term clinical outcomes in myasthenia gravis and thymoma patients.