Glocalization in European Heating Markets A comparative analysis of multinational energy enterprises in the heating markets of Sweden, Germany, and The Netherlands on subsidiary ambidexterity.

Abstract

This thesis investigates the management of subsidiary ambidexterity within the European heating market, addressing a research gap in understanding how multinational enterprises (MNEs) navigate dual embeddedness in resource-dependent markets. Drawing upon a conceptual framework adapted from IB literature, the study explores the interplay between political, cultural, and cognitive dual embeddedness structures and their influence on subsidiary learning strategies. The study extends an existing framework and highlights how supranational embeddedness, notably EU regulations, shapes subsidiary learning strategies. Through a multiple case study of two Swedish multinational energy enterprises that operate in the heating markets of Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden, patterns of adaptability, alignment, and balancing are identified. Findings underscore the importance of tailored and holistic approaches, accounting for contextual variations and collaborative efforts to address societal challenges. Theoretical contributions include insights into subsidiary ambidexterity and sustainable management practices, while managerial implications offer guidance for navigating complex market contexts. Limitations and future research directions suggest avenues for further exploration of MNEs operating in resource-dependent contexts, particularly concerning supranational embeddedness.