It was heavy that day... - A Qualitative Study on Managers’ Experiences of Handling Layoffs in the Swedish Construction Sector

Abstract

Background: Purpose: Layoffs are a common and natural part of the organisational life cycle and can be perceived as a difficult and challenging process to go through; both for the ones affected but also for the ones that need to deliver the message. Managers play a crucial role in delivering this message, yet previous research has predominantly focused on employee experiences, leaving a research gap in understanding the managerial point of view. The purpose of this study is to explore layoffs from the perspective of managers, with a focus on their experiences and dilemmas encountered during the process. The construction sector has been especially affected by the recent increase in layoff notices in the Swedish labour market, which is why the study is conducted in this context. Theory: To interpret the results of the study, paradox theory, role theory, and emotion management has been applied. Method: The study was performed using a qualitative method, with 11 semi-structured interviews conducted with managers in the construction sector. A thematic analysis was used to create an understanding of the challenges managers face and how they navigate them. Results: The results show that managers' experiences of handling layoffs is challenging in both formal and emotional ways. The handling of layoffs is related to managers' previous experience of such situations and their role and responsibilities. To navigate challenges, managers highlight the importance of planning, communication, and support. Specifically, the support of HR is identified as vital. Managers need to navigate these challenges while also considering the well-being of employees, profitability, and employer brand of the organisation. In conclusion, layoffs are demanding and challenging for managers. However, with the right preparations, tools, and support, the process is feasible. Particularly, HR support in layoffs is valuable for managers, and contributes to how they experience the process.