Emotionell intelligens ur ett ledarskapsperspektiv - En studie om ledares uppfattningar och tillämpning av emotionell intelligens i arbetslivet

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to explore how leaders perceive, understand and apply emotional intelligence (EI) in their professional practice. A qualitative approach was used, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews with eight individuals in leadership positions across various sectors. The material was analyzed thematically, drawing upon Goleman´s Mixed Model of Emotional Intelligence and the concept of individualized consideration from transformational leadership theory. The findings indicate that all participants consider EI to be a central and valuable leadership competence. In particular, the importance of self-awareness, self-regulation, social awareness, and relationship management – the core components of Goleman´s model – was highlighted. Empathy, active listening, and the ability to adapt leadership strategies to the individual needs of employees emerged as key elements, especially in emotionally charged situations or during periods of organizational change. The participants also emphasized that EI develops over time through experience and reflection. This study has several limitations that should be acknowledged. The small sample size and the qualitative design mean that the results cannot be generalized to a broader population. Additionally, the participants’ similar understanding and responses regarding emotional intelligence may be influenced by social desirability bias, as leaders may present themselves in a favorable way. Since the interviews relied on self-assessment, there is a risk that actual behaviors may differ from described experiences. Furthermore, the researchers' prior knowledge and interest in the subject may have influenced both the design of the interview questions and the interpretation of the results.