ChatGPT som ”teolog” En undersökning i teologisk representation hos AI-boten ChatGPT-3.5

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate theological representation by the AI-chatbot, ChatGPT-3.5. The investigation highlights the representation of four Christian theological traditions: Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Lutheranism and Calvinism. The evaluated theological fields are: Theology of Atonement, Theology of the Eucharist, Justification and Sanctification, Biblical view and Images in worship. The theoretical framework for the evaluation is four Catechisms: Katolska kyrkans lilla katekes (Catholicism), The Confession of Dositheus (Eastern Orthodoxy), Luthers lilla katekes (Lutheranism), The Heidelberg Catechism (Calvinism). The analysis demonstrates a Protestant bias in ChatGPT. This bias is rather Calvinistic than Lutheran. Eastern Orthodoxy is generally underrepresented in the answers from ChatGPT. Since ChatGPT-3.5 is trained on a very large number of internet-based texts it´s probable that this Protestant bias mirrors a general Protestant bias in the overall theological data available through the internet. The study also shows that traditions are generally better represented in theological questions that have been central to them. That makes the otherwise underrepresented Eastern Orthodoxy well represented in the matter of images in worship.