2026-09-23T04:17:01Zhttps://gupea.ub.gu.se/server/oai/request

oai:gupea.ub.gu.se:2077/518912017-05-25T01:33:57Zcom_2077_282com_2077_17com_2077_10556col_2077_544col_2077_310col_2077_10557

Mottahedin, Amin 2017-05-24T13:13:40Z 2017-05-24T13:13:40Z 2017-05-24 978-91-629-0208-7 (PDF) 978-91-629-0207-0 (Print) http://hdl.handle.net/2077/51891 The developing brain is vulnerable to external insults, and perinatal brain injury (PBI) is a major cause of life-long neurological syndromes such as cerebral palsy. Currently, no pharmaceutical intervention is available. Hypoxia/ischemia (HI), infections and inflammation are implicated in the pathogenesis of PBI. However, the crosstalk between these etiologies is not fully understood. Toll-like receptors (TLR) 3 and TLR2 are responsible for sensing viral and bacterial infections and initiating the inflammatory response. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the effect of systemic inflammation induced by activation of these TLRs on neonatal HI brain injury. We demonstrate that intraperitoneal administration of TLR3 and TLR2 ligands (PolyI:C and P3C, respectively) prior to HI increases the brain injury in neonatal mice. PolyI:C and P3C induced neuroinflammation and altered microglial phenotype as assessed by RT-qPCR, multiplex cytokine assay or flow cytometry. PolyI:C also upregulated the pro-apoptotic gene, Fasl, expression and reduced activation of pro-survival signaling molecule Akt. On the other hand, P3C suppressed mitochondrial respiration, a major mechanism of cellular energy production. P3C, unlike other TLR agonists, induced marked infiltration of leukocytes to the cerebral spinal fluid and brain of neonatal mice and rats. Confocal microscopy, Cre recombinase-mediated gene targeting and in vitro cell transmigra-tion assay revealed the choroid plexus as a site of leukocyte entry. RNA sequencing of the choroid plexus followed by transcriptome cluster analysis and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed potential mechanisms of leukocyte infiltration, including a specific chemotaxis signature and cytoskeleton-related pathways. Finally, we show that N-acetylcysteine treatment inhibits TLR2-mediated leukocyte trafficking in vivo and in vitro. To conclude, this thesis describe a TLR-mediated link between systemic inflammation and developing brain with detrimental consequences on HI brain injury, suggesting potential novel therapeutic strategies. eng Stridh L, Mottahedin A, Johansson ME, Valdez RC, Northington F, Wang X, Mallard C. (2013) Toll-like receptor-3 activation increases the vulnerability of the neonatal brain to hypoxia-ischemia. Journal of Neuroscience 2013. 33(29): p. 12041-51. ::doi::10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0673-13.2013 Mottahedin A, Svedin P, Nair S, Mohn C-J, Wang X, Hagberg H, Ek J, Mallard C (2017) Systemic activation of Toll-like receptor 2 suppresses mitochondrial respiration and exacerbates hypoxic–ischemic injury in the developing brain. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 37:1192-1198. ::doi::10.1177/0271678X17691292 Mottahedin A, Smith PL, Hagberg H, Ek CJ, Mallard C (2017) TLR2-mediated leukocyte trafficking to the developing brain. Journal of leukocyte biology 101:297-305. ::doi::10.1189/jlb.3A1215-568R Mottahedin A, Ek J, Truvé K, Hagberg H, Mallard C. Differential analysis of TLR2- versus TLR4-induced alterations in transcriptome of choroid plexus reveals leukocyte trafficking mechanisms. Manuscript. Mottahedin A, Blondel S, Ek J, Babikian A, Hagberg H, Mallard C, Ghersi Egea JF, Strazielle N. N-acetylcysteine inhibits TLR2-mediated neutrophil transmigration through the choroid plexus. Manuscript. developing brain neonatal brain injury hypoxia-ischemia inflammation infection Toll-like receptor choroid plexus neuroimmunology Mitochondria Developing brain and systemic inflammation: a "Toll-like" link with consequences text Doctoral thesis Doctor of Philosophy (Medicine) amin.mottahedin@neuro.gu.se University of Gothenburg. Sahlgrenska Academy Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology. Department of Physiology Fredagen den 16 juni 2017 kl. 13:00, Sal Ivan Östholm, Medicinaregatan 13, Göteborg 2017-06-16 SA open.access