Browsing Doctoral Theses / Doktorsavhandlingar Institutionen för medicin by Title
Now showing items 412-431 of 605
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Peripheral and central factors in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome
(2007-06-14)Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder characterized by abdominal pain and/or discomfort together with abnormal bowel habits. The pathophysiology is complex and incompletely understood. ... -
Personality and adherence to medication treatment
(2011-09-01)Abstract: Striving for improved adherence to medication treatment is of vital concern, as low adherence is a major obstacle in treating many prevalent chronic diseases. Several factors have been identified that seem to ... -
Perspectives on symptoms and functioning in workers exposed to hand-arm vibration
(2014-09-29)Exposure to hand-arm vibration (HAV) is common among workers, and many of these workers are affected with vascular, neurological and/or muscular disorders referred to as hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS). Injuries are ... -
Pharmacological interventions against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury
(2011-11-09)Background: Ischaemic heart disease is the leading cause of death in the industrialised world. Although the concept of early restoration of coronary blood-flow constitutes an important factor to reduce the injury caused ... -
Pharmacological stimulation of endothelial function and long-term impact of hypertension in man
(2016-05-06)Background: Ischemic heart disease is a major cause of death globally. Rupture of a coronary atherosclerotic plaque with occluding thrombus formation is the main cause of myocardial ischemia and infarction. A healthy ... -
Pharmacological therapy in obstructive sleep apnea - Methodology and interventional aspects of carbonic anhydrase modulation
(2023-11-08)BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent disease with potential severe short- and long-term consequences such as daytime sleepiness and cardiovascular disease. Recurrent total or partial collapse of ... -
Pharmacological Treatment in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Benefits and Risks. Epidemiological Studies from the Swedish National Diabetes Register
(2014-10-28)Background and Aims: A number of modifiable risk factors – including glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and blood pressure – are important for the prognosis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). ... -
Phenotype and function of CD25+ regulatory T cells in infants and adults
(2010-01-26)Active suppression by CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) is essential for the maintenance of peripheral tolerance to both self antigens and environmental antigens. Absence of these cells in human newborns leads to ... -
Physical activity and energy expenditure in clinical settings using multisensor activity monitors.
(2009-05-20)Background: Objective methods need to replace subjective methods for accurate quantification of physical activity. To be used in clinical settings objective methods have to show high reliability, validity and feasibility. ... -
Physical activity and exercise in patients with intermittent claudication
(2022-09-26)Introduction. Supervised exercise is a guideline recommendation in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). As the availability of supervised exercise varies, interest has turned to the more accessible home-based ... -
Physical activity and well-being among adolescents: A public health perspective
(2016-05-26)Background: Physical activity among adolescents is diminishing and worldwide about 80% of 13–15-year-old adolescents do not meet the public health guidelines of minimum 60 minutes of daily physical activity of at least ... -
Physical activity: Prescription in health care and relationship to different health measures
(2015-12-01)Background: Physical inactivity is one of the major modifi able risk factors, contributing to the global burden of disease. Thus, reducing physical inactivity is of importance for global health. Worldwide, different ... -
Physical exposure, musculoskeletal symptoms and attitudes related to ICT use
(2009-05-20)High prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms/disorders in neck and upper extremities are reported among computer users. Considering the widespread use of information and communication technology (ICT) and mobile phones ... -
Physicians' practices in sickness certification for common mental disorders - assessment of work capacity and communication with the patient's workplace
(2021-11-25)Physicians are key stakeholders in the sickness certification process. The first aim of this thesis was to examine physicians’ sickness certification practices from two perspectives: the assessment of work capacity and ... -
Pituitary Tumors - Epidemiology and the Diagnostic Value of 68Ga-DOTATOC PET
(2020-11-20)Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are considered common in the general population. However benign in most cases, these tumors can evoke dramatic morbidity in patients with aggressive tumor growth and/or excess ... -
Plasma coagulation in cardiac surgery
(2013-11-04)Background: Cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass is a complex procedure, sometimes accompanied with excessive bleeding. The nature and pathophysiology of this bleeding is multifactorial and not completely understood. ... -
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 in Platelets - Studies of Synthesis, Activity, and Glycosylation Patterns
(2008-01-24)Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) is the main physiological inhibitor of tissue-type plasminogen activator. Thus PAI-1 plays an important role in decreasing the fibrinolytic activity in human blood. PAI-1 is present ... -
Platelet activation and aggregation: Clinical and experimental studies
(2018-11-21)Background: Dual antiplatelet therapy with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and the adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-receptor antagonist ticagrelor increases the risk of bleeding complications during cardiac surgery. The overall aim ... -
Platelet Inhibition and Bleeding Complications in Cardiac Surgery Patients - Clinical and experimental studies
(2016-09-02)BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with acetylsalicylic acid and a P2Y12 inhibitor (clopidogrel, ticagrelor, or prasugrel) reduces thrombotic events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), ... -
Platelet inhibition and secondary prevention in cardiac surgery patients
(2023-11-06)ABSTRACT Background and objective Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the most common cardiac surgery procedure. Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) reduces the risk for ischaemic events in patients with acute ...