Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) can effectively inhibit replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the virus is able to persist in cellular and anatomical viral reservoirs. Latently infected resting ...

Acute bacterial meningitis (ABM), influenza, and necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTIs) are diseases that in a short period of time can progress to become life threatening. Individuals with severe forms of these ...

Both varicella (chickenpox), and the reactivated form of herpes zoster (shingles), may cause neurological complications with various central nervous system (CNS) manifestations. Following introduction of PCR as a diagnostic ...

HIV invades the central nervous system (CNS) shortly after transmission and is present throughout the course of infection, causing immune activation and neuroinflammation. If left untreated, more than 20% of patients with ...

Abstract Herpesviruses predate the evolution of humans and are globally ubiquitous. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) establish latency in neuronal ...

HIV-1 invades the central nervous system (CNS) early in the infectious course. It establishes a chronic progressive infection, and triggers an intrathecal immune response. If left untreated, a majority of patients will ...

Biological processes involve changes at the protein level. Proteomics aims to determine protein changes from a normal state, to measure for instance recovery or disease progression. Mass spectrometry is the most important ...