Vetenskapsteori, serie 1
https://hdl.handle.net/2077/25385
2024-03-28T14:09:39ZBilda och samverka: om införandet, implementering och förändringen av universitetens tredje uppgift 1977-1997
https://hdl.handle.net/2077/33678
Bilda och samverka: om införandet, implementering och förändringen av universitetens tredje uppgift 1977-1997
Kasperowski, Dick; Bragesjö, Fredrik
Bragesjö, Fredrik
Denna rapport har skrivits inom forskningsprojektet ”Det förvetenskapligade samhällets demokrati” vid Institutionen för filosofi, lingvistik och vetenskapsteori, Göteborgs universitet. Projektet, som är förlagt till ämnet vetenskapsteori, finansieras av Vetenskapsrådet och påbörjades i januari 2008 och beräknas slutrapporteras 2013. Projektledare är Dick Kasperowski, som tillsammans med Fredrik Bragesjö också utför forskningen. Projektet handlar om det som vanligtvis kallas den tredje uppgiften i högskolelagen, och undersöker olika aspekter av lagstiftarens syn på universitetets relation till samhället samt hur olika institutioner och aktörer förhåller sig till den. Den tredje uppgiften, formulerad som en uppmaning att sprida forskningen till samhället, blev en ordinarie uppgift för universitet och högskolor, tillsammans med undervisning och forskning, i samband med den nya högskolelagen 1977. Två decennier senare ändrades lagen, från att alltså ha talat om spridning av kunskap till att nu inkludera en lydelse som kan tyckas överskrida det tidigare spridningsuppdraget, nämligen att högskolor och universitet från och med 1997 också ska ”samverka” med samhället. Som helhet avser projektet att analysera konsekvenserna av den tredje uppgiftens olika formuleringar, både vid etableringen samt revideringarna. Vidare undersöks vilka konsekvenser, i termer av skyldigheter och rättigheter, som de olika lagformuleringarna skapat för svenska universitet, institutioner och deras personal. Syftet med denna delrapport är att besvara en mycket begränsad aspekt av de övergripande forskningsfrågorna; i flera fall redovisas dessutom ytterligare frågor som väckts vid genomgången av det empiriska materialet och mer tentativa diskussioner förs. Här redogörs översiktligt för dels diskussioner och argument i policydokument när lagen med spridningsformuleringen kompletterades av samverkansuppdraget samt hur den tredje uppgiften hanterades i Forskningsrådsnämnden (FRN), en myndighet som skapades samma år som högskolelagen infördes med ett tydligt ansvar för forskningsinformation. Dick Kasperowski och Fredrik Bragesjö Göteborg, oktober 2011
2011-11-01T00:00:00ZMechanism, understanding and silent practice in the teaching of arithmetic: On the intention, critique and defense of Carl Alfred Nyström’s Digit-Arithmetic 1853-1888
https://hdl.handle.net/2077/32918
Mechanism, understanding and silent practice in the teaching of arithmetic: On the intention, critique and defense of Carl Alfred Nyström’s Digit-Arithmetic 1853-1888
Lundin, Sverker
This report was written as part of the project "Conceptions of mathematics in the Swedish world of schooling 1880-1980", financed by The Swedish Research Council. It contains a presentation of historical material, pertaining to the teaching of elementary mathematics in Sweden in the last third of the 19th century, and a rather far-reaching and critical analysis of this material. Its length, in combination with its somewhattentative character made it more suitable for publication in a report, rather than in a research article.
My story circles around the civil servant and physicist Carl Alfred Nyström (1831-1891). He worked mainly with telegraphy, a field in which he was a main contributor in Sweden. He was the manager of the educational department of the telegraph office 1873-1879 and then went on to manage the Stockholm telegraphy station a few years in the late 1880’s. In 1881 he represented Sweden at the international committee in Paris for the formulation of proposals for international units in the field of electricity and electro-technics.
I am interested in Nyström because of his Digit-Arithmetic (Sifferräkneläran), which was one of the most popular textbooks for the teaching of arithmetic in Sweden in the second half of the 19th century.As stated in the title of this report, I give an account of the intention, critique and defense (by Nyström himself) of this textbook. My explanation of why the Digit Arithmetic was phased out from use in Swedish public education in the 1880’s involves the topics of the first part of the title: mechanism, understanding, and a particular way of managing pupils, which at the time was called ”silent practice”.
The story about Nyström and thefate of his educational ideas are interesting enough to be made available for a potentially international readership. The numerous quotations, which I would have had to cut out, had I tried to make thetext fit into the article format, will now make it possible for the reader also to interpret the episode in other ways than I have done here.
2012-12-01T00:00:00ZSymmetri och reflexivitet: sociala studier av humanvetenskapens villkor
https://hdl.handle.net/2077/28260
Symmetri och reflexivitet: sociala studier av humanvetenskapens villkor
Hallberg, Margareta
1997-01-01T00:00:00ZOptimising Health In Europe Through Evidence-Based And Personalized Medical Practices: The Use Of Expertise, Standards And Technologies In Health Promotion And Preventive Medicine
https://hdl.handle.net/2077/27966
Optimising Health In Europe Through Evidence-Based And Personalized Medical Practices: The Use Of Expertise, Standards And Technologies In Health Promotion And Preventive Medicine
Elzinga, Aant; Bragesjö, Fredrik; Hallberg, Margareta; Hoshor, Amelie; Kasperowski, Dick; Sager, Morten
This is the working title of a workshop planned to take place in April 2012 as a step towards developing a grant proposal to meet the criteria of an appropriate EU framework call in the area of health policy and governance. The core idea is an interest in the use of expertise, standards and technologies on the one hand and on the other hand variations in adherence of patients to prescribed treatment - typically across a number of different lifestyle-related diseases or ailments, in comparison between a number of European countries. The focus would, more specifically, be on two aspects: evidence-basing of relevant treatments and patient adherence to expert recommendations for preventive purposes in the cases of the disease categories selected. At this point the selection of disease categories to focus on in the workshop and the grant proposal is left open; the following are only named as examples: irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, high cholesterol, overweight/obesity, Type 2 diabetes and certain infectious diseases. This is in view of the urgent call to action issued by the WHO Regional Office for Europe in its Summary Report 2005 on European Health which identifies the high risks to health, related to tobacco and alcohol consumption, high blood pressure and cholesterol, overweight, low fruit and vegetable intake, and physical inactivity. The report urges that these health risks need to be dealt with in order to help prevent ischaemic heart disease, unipolar depressive disorders, cerebrovascular disease, alcohol-use disorders, chronic pulmonary disease, lung cancer and road traffic injury. The summary has a special focus on children’s health, because health in childhood determines health throughout life and into the next generation (WHO 2005). The present initiative comes from a group of scholars at the University of Gothenburg who have over the years done research that falls within the realm of science and technology studies (STS). Coming out of an amalgam of studies of scientific controversies, the role of expertise, critical studies of public understanding of science, scientific citizenship and governance issues, and earlier work in the field of science policy studies, several members of the group have now come to focus particularly on Studies of Medicine, Expertise and Controversies (SMEC). For more information about the group, see Appendix II and http://www.flov.gu.se/english/research/.
The online version may slightly differ from the printed version.
2011-10-01T00:00:00Z